We are all wired uniquely: Understanding Neurodiversity
Each brain is unique and there is no “normal”.
Neurodiversity refers to the naturally-occurring differences and variety in brain functioning and resulting behaviors. It is part of typical variation among humans, just like variances in height, eye color, and family traits. The neurodiversity movement began in the 1990’s and the term was coined by a sociologist named Judy Singer.
If the way you perceive and interact with the world around you diverts from typical expectations and standards, you may be neurodivergent. The following diagnoses fall under the umbrella term “neurodivergent”: autism (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyspraxia, and sensory processing disorder (SPD), among others.
Neurodiversity affirming therapy is not geared towards pathologizing the differences in brain function and structure. It is also not about pathologizing non-harmful behaviors (like stimming) and trying to enforce neurotypical standards of behavior. When a therapist is neurodiversity-affirming, they recognize that neurodivergence by itself is not a flaw or illness that needs to be “fixed”, while affirming that neurodivergence can also be disabling.
Here are some key aspects to understanding neurodiversity:
1. Awareness and Education
Learn About Neurodiverse Conditions: Educating ourselves about different neurodiverse conditions is crucial. Understanding the characteristics, strengths, and challenges associated with each condition helps to reduce stigma and promote acceptance.
Ongoing Education: Neurodiversity is a relatively new concept in the public sphere, so continuing education and engagement with the latest research, lived experiences, and expert insights are necessary to deepen understanding.
2. Empathy and Open-Mindedness
Listen to Neurodiverse Voices: Listening to the experiences and perspectives of neurodiverse individuals is vital. This helps in understanding the unique ways they perceive and interact with the world, which might be different from the neurotypical experience but equally valid.
Empathy: Developing empathy involves not only understanding the challenges faced by neurodiverse individuals but also appreciating their unique strengths and contributions.
3. Respecting Individual Differences
Rejecting Stereotypes: Neurodiverse individuals should not be defined by stereotypes. Each person is unique, with their own set of strengths, challenges, and preferences. Respecting these individual differences is key to fostering an inclusive environment.
Avoiding Assumptions: It’s important not to make assumptions about a person’s abilities, needs, or preferences based solely on their neurodiverse condition. Instead, engage in open dialogue to understand their specific needs and how best to support them.
4. Creating Inclusive Environments
Flexibility: Creating spaces—whether at home, school, or work—that are flexible and adaptable to various needs is critical. This could mean offering quiet spaces, providing clear and structured instructions, or allowing for different modes of communication.
Promoting Acceptance: An inclusive environment promotes acceptance and encourages everyone to celebrate diversity. This means valuing the unique contributions of neurodiverse individuals and ensuring they feel safe and supported.
5. Advocacy and Support
Advocating for Rights: Advocacy plays a key role in ensuring that neurodiverse individuals have equal opportunities and access to resources. This includes advocating for policies that protect their rights and promote their well-being.
Support Networks: Building strong support networks is essential for neurodiverse individuals and their families. These networks can provide resources, guidance, and a sense of community.
6. Reframing Success
Redefining Achievement: Success should not be measured by neurotypical standards alone. Recognizing and celebrating the unique accomplishments of neurodiverse individuals helps to build their confidence and encourages a more inclusive understanding of achievement.
Focus on Strengths: Instead of focusing on what neurodiverse individuals might struggle with, it’s important to identify and nurture their strengths. This strengths-based approach can lead to greater self-esteem and fulfillment.
Conclusion
Understanding neurodiversity is about more than just awareness; it’s about embracing a new paradigm that values all types of neurological functioning. It requires us to rethink our societal norms, cultivate empathy, and create environments where everyone has the opportunity to thrive. By doing so, we move closer to a world where neurodiverse individuals are not only accepted but celebrated for the unique perspectives and talents they bring.
